DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ILOCOS NORTE

(Submitted by Alex R. Barut)

 

 

POPULATION

 

Population reaches more than half a million       

 

The 2000 Census of Population and Housing showed that Ilocos Norte had a total population of 514,241, registering an increase of 6.5 percent over the 482,651 persons counted in September 1995.  Compared to the figure during the first census of population conducted in 1903, the population in 2000 is about three times higher. 

 

Laoag City, the capital of Ilocos Norte, recorded the biggest population (18.4%), which is about one-fifth of the total population of the province. Among the municipalities, Batac had the highest population (9.3%) while Carasi hosted the least (0.2%).

 

In terms of barangays, Brgy. Davila, Pasuquin had the highest population of 3206, which is almost three times bigger than the population of the smallest municipality (Carasi) in the province.  On the other hand, the Brgy. Brgy. Sapat, Pasuquin had the lowest population of 86.

 

POPULATION GROWTH

 

Population grows at the rate of 1.37 percent

 

The average annual population growth rate of the province from 1995 to 2000 is 1.37 percent.  This is more than twice the 0.84 percent growth rate during the 1990 to 1995 period.  If the current annual population growth rate of 1.37 percent continues, the population of the province is expected to double in 51 years, increasing by more than seven thousand persons every year or around one person every hour.

 

The annual population growth rate of Ilocos Norte experienced up and down movements in between census periods since 1903.  The highest was recorded during the period of 1960 to 1970 at 1.76 percent and the lowest at 0.41 percent from 1918 to 1939.

 

POPULATION PROJECTION

 

The population is expected to reach 587 thousand in 2010

 

Based from the 1995-based population projection, the population of Ilocos Norte is expected to reach  587,000 persons in 2010, giving an increase of  about 73,000 from the figure of 514,241 recorded in 2000.

 

Laoag City, the capital of the province, is expected to increase its population by about  15,000 persons from the figure of 94,466 counted in 2000 while Batac, the most populated among the 22 municipalities is estimated to increase its population by about 7000 persons from its population of 47,682 in 2000.

 

With respect to sex, the population of males in the province is estimated to be 294,114 and 309,875 in 2015.  On the other hand, the population of females will become 293,006 in 2010 and 308,304 in 2015.

POPULATION DENSITY

 

The population density goes up by 5.0 percent

 

The total land area of Ilocos Norte is estimated at 345.9 square kilometer and the total population in 2000 was 514,241, thus resulting to a population density of 147 persons per square kilometer.  The population density increased by 5.0 percent from the figure of 140 in 1995.

 

Laoag City had the highest population density of 927 persons per square kilometer in 2000 followed by San Nicolas while Adams had the least having only 9 persons for every square kilometer of land.

 

In terms of percent change in density, Carasi recorded the highest at 30.8 percent in between 1995 and 2000 while Marcos had the lowest at -61.0 percent.

 

AGE AND SEX STRUCTURE

 

There are more males than females

 

In 2000, the number of males is higher than the number of females in Ilocos Norte with a sex ratio of 100.4.  This figure is slightly higher than the sex ratio of 99.3 recorded in 1995.  Across city and municipalities, Dumalneg had maintained the highest sex ratio (115.1 in 2000 and 111.2 in 1995) while Laoag City had consistently been the lowest (95.8 in 2000 and 94.2 in 1995).  Only municipalities of Currimao and Pasuquin had a decline in sex ratio.

 

As age increases, population decreases

 

Generally, the age-sex structure of the population of Ilocos Norte in 2000 showed that as the age increases, the population of each age group decreases.  Both males and females showed a deviation from the normal pyramid with the age group 0 to 4 years registering 5.4 percent and 5.0 percent, respectively, as compared to age group 10 to 14 years with 5.5 percent and 5.2 percent, respectively.

 

The population from birth up to age 39 was greater among males than females.  At age group   0 to 4, male population was accounted to 5.44 percent of the total population while the female population of the same age group was comprised of 5.00 percent.  But beyond the age of 39, the proportion of females became higher.

 

Compared to five years ago, the age-sex structure followed about the same shape as that in 2000.  However, it was noted that the base of the pyramid in 1995 was wider.  This means that there was a higher fertility in 1995.  The wider base in 1995 was maintained until the age of 14 years old.  This means that the proportion of persons below 14 years old in 1995 is greater than in 2000.  On the other hand, the upper portion of the pyramid representing ages 75 years old and over was narrower in 1995.  This means that the proportion of persons 75 years old and over was smaller in 1995 than in 2000. 

 

DEPENDENCY RATIO

 

The number of dependents declines

 

In 2000, the population 0-14 constituted 31.7 percent of the total population.  The age group 15 to 64 years old made up 61.5 percent while the elderly population (65 years old and over) had  6.8 per cent of the population.

 

The overall dependency ratio in 2000 was 62.7.  This means that for every 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years, there were about 63 dependents (52 persons aged 0 to 14 and 11 persons aged 65 and over.  In 1995, this ratio was 67.4.   This means that there was a decline in the proportion of the dependent population which implies an increase in the proportion of the working population.

 

Across the city and municipalities, Nueva Era had the highest dependency ratio of 79.0 in 2000 while Laoag City posted the lowest at 56.5.  This means that the proportion of dependents to the working or economically active population is highest in Nueva Era and lowest in Laoag City.  In 1995, Adams had the highest dependency ratio (82.6) and Laoag City had the lowest (59.0).

 

CHILD-WOMAN RATIO

 

Child-woman ratio decreases

 

            The child-woman ratio in 2000 was 411.1.  This means that there were about 411 children under age five per 1000 women of childbearing age.  Compared with the result in 1995, the child woman ratio in 2000 declined by about 25 children from the recorded figure of 436.3. 

 

HOUSEHOLD SIZE

 

Average household size decreases slightly

 

The number of households rose from 99,653 households in 1995 to 106,939 in 2000.  With the population of 514,241, the average household size slightly decreased from 4.83 persons in 1995 to 4.80 persons in 2000.

 

Among the city and municipalities, Dumalneg had the highest household size of 6.22, followed by Adams (5.50) and Carasi (5.33).  On the other hand, Vintar had the lowest household size of 4.62.

 

MARITAL STATUS

 

About half of the population are married

 

The population 10 years old and over totaled 406,065 in 2000.  Of which, 45.3  percent were married, lower than the 1995 figure (46.7%) by 1.4 percentage points.  Likewise, the proportion of single persons decreased to 43.9 percent in 2000, from 44.64 percent in 1995.  The proportion of widowed also slightly decreased from 5.8 percent in 1995 to 5.7 percent.  Those with other arrangement went up from 2.4 percent to 3.9 percent in 2000.

 

Compared to the figure in 1995, the number of common law or live-in persons increased by 1.5 percentage points.  It was observed in the province that there were those who prefer to be in live-in status because of their pending petitions to the    United States.  This partly caused the increase in the number of persons with live-in status.  The number of separated/divorced also went up by 0.2 percentage point.

In terms of age, it is expected that most (58.0 %) of the single persons were of age below 20 years old while the least were widowed persons of age 80 years old and over in 2000.  On the other hand, most (14.3%) of the married persons were of age 30 – 34 years.

 

The peak of separation was at age 40 to 44, which accounted to 15.6 percent of the separated/divorced persons in 2000.  On the other hand, most of the persons with live-in or divorced status were of age        25 to 29 and 30 to 34 years old.  After these ages, the number of live-in or divorced persons decreases.

 

MOTHER TONGUE/ETHNICITY

 

Majority of the household population are Ilocanos

 

In 2000, majority (96.6%) of the population of Ilocos Norte classified themselves as Ilocanos.   The remaining three percent were either Tagalog (0.6%), Apayao (0.3%), Kankanai/Kankanaey (0.3%), Tinggian (0.2%) and the other 1.4 percent belonged to other ethnic groups.   The Tagalogs were widely distributed in the province while the Apayao and Kankanai/Kankanaey were greatly concentrated in Adams.  

 

In 1995, higher proportions of Ilocanos (97.3%), Tagalogs (1.00%) and Apayaos (0.3%) to the population were noted compared to the data in 2000.

 

RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION

 

Majority of the population are Roman Catholics

 

In 2000 more than half (54.2%) of the population in Ilocos Norte were affiliated with the Roman Catholic Religion.  This is followed by Aglipayans (28.8%) and Evangelicals (5.1%).

 

MIGRATION

 

The movement of the population can be traced in terms of the place of residence observed in a given period.  In this section, the period considered is five years.  However, only in-migration can be seen, hence it considered only the number of in-migrants.

 

More than 95 percent are in the same residence five years ago

 

In 2000, the population of persons five years old and over totaled 459,616, of which 95.2 percent stayed in the same city/municipality five years ago.  Those whose places of residence were in other city/municipalities within the province, other provinces and foreign countries were the in-migrants and these had a proportion of about 3.1 percent.  On the other hand,  those who had unknown places of residence five years ago accounted to 1.69 percent. In 1990, almost the same proportion (95.2%) stayed in the same city/municipality five years ago.  A bit higher proportion 4.3 percent was accounted to the in-migrants while a very small proportion of 0.5 percent had unknown place of residence five years ago from 1990. 

 

Among the city and municipalities in 2000, Laoag City had the highest number of in-migrants (2,566), followed by Paoay (1,253).  On the other hand,  Adams hosted the least number of in-migrants (48), followed by Carasi (51).  In 1990, Laoag City received again the most number of in-migrants (1951), followed by Batac (1,272) while  Dumalneg and  Adams hosted the least number of in-migrants.

 

Female outnumbers male in-migrants

 

For those whose residence is outside their present residence in 2000 (excluding unknown), the sex ratio was 71.5.  This means that for every 100 females there were about 72 male               in-migrants.  In 1990, there were about 80 males for every 100 female in-migrants.  

 

VITAL STATISTICS

 

The data presented in this section were number of live births and deaths and a few indicators relating to births and deaths taken from the vital statistics reports in 2001 and 2002.  However, the leading causes of deaths were taken from the data based on hospital reports in Ilocos Norte.

 

Number of marriage goes up by 6.12 percent

 

The number of marriage in 2002 totaled 3,848, registering an increase  of 6.12 percent compared to the figure recorded in 2001.  Compared to the number recorded in 2000, a slight decrease of 0.34 percent was noted. Of the 3,838 marriage recorded in 2002, 780 were solemnized in Laoag City while 3,068 were solemnized in the different municipalities (Other Ilocos Norte) of the province.  

 

In terms of marriage rates from 2000 to 2002, the highest rate of  7.51 was noted in 2002.  this means that, for every  1000 population, there were about eight who get married.  On the other hand, the lowest marriage rate was recorded in 2001.

 

Most marriages occur in April

 

In 2001 and 2002, most marriages (534 and 619, respectively) were registered in April.  This has broken the trend that most people get married in June or December.  This might have been due to the observation that after graduation from college, many get married.  In 2000, however, the bulk of marriages were noted in December.

 

Number of live births continues to decline

 

The number of registered live births by place of occurrence in 2002 totaled 10,692, registering a decrease of 0.72 percent compared to the figure recorded in 2001 and a decrease of 3.49 percent compared to the number in 2000.  Similar observation was also noted in terms of the number of live births by usual residence of mother. This may imply a continuous decline in fertility.

 

The natural increase in population reaches about 7000 a year

 

The difference between the number of live births and deaths in 2002 was 6,878.  This means that in that year, there was a natural increase of 6,878 persons in the population or a natural  rate of increase of 14.81.  This means that there are about 15 persons added yearly for every 1000 population.  In 2000 and 2001, the natural rates of increase were 6.74 and 7.18, respectively.

 

There are more male than female births

 

In 2002, the number of registered male live births by place of occurrence was greater than the number of female live births as shown by the sex ratio of 108.7.  This trend was also observed in 2000 and 2001.  In terms of month, it was consistently observed that October and September had the highest numbers of registered live births.  Similar observations were noted in terms of the number of live births by usual residence of mother.

 

Most mothers give birth at the age of 20-24 years old

 

Most mothers give birth at the age of 20 – 24 years old as shown in Table 4.21 and as have been observed for the three years covered.  This is expected because most females marry at this age range.

 

The number of deaths also declines

 

The total number of registered deaths in 2002 by place of occurrence in Ilocos Norte totaled 3814, lower by 3.1 percent compared to the 3,938 figure in 2001 but higher by 10.1 percent than in 2000. 

 

With respect to the months of occurrence, August in 2002 had the highest (406) number of deaths while February had the lowest (282).  In 2001 and 2000, the highest numbers were registered in October (372) and in July (333), respectively.  On the other hand, the lowest numbers registered in 2001 and 2002 were noted in February (277) and in October (246), respectively.

 

The number of male deaths is very much higher

than female deaths

 

In terms of sex, the number of male deaths (in terms of place of occurrence) is very much higher than female deaths as shown by the sex ratios of 133.6, 128.6 and 132.6, respectively for 2000, 2001 and 2002.   Similar observation was also noted in terms of usual residence.

 

Most deaths occurred among persons aged

80 – 84 years old

 

In 2002, the most number (422 or or 10.97 percent) of deaths with respect to usual residence occurred among persons aged   80 – 84 years old, followed by aged 85 – 89 years old.  Similar observation was noted in 2001.  In 2000, however, most deaths (509 or 14.78 percent) occurred among infants (under one year old).

 

 

More than half of deaths occurred among married persons

 

In 2002, the most number (58.49%) of deaths by usual place of residence occurred among married persons, followed by single persons (22.67%).  This observation is also true in 2000 and 2002.